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While the moral status of non-human animals has
become an established area of
societal and academic debate in the Anglo-American sphere, it is hardly
a topic at German universities. Thus, during my first semester, with
the aim of putting animals on the intellectual agenda at Heidelberg
University, I gathered an interdisciplinary team of students dedicated
to pioneering ethical perspectives on animals through academic
research, public lectures, and publication. We formed a working group
called Interdisziplinäre
Arbeitsgemeinschaft Tierethik at the
Department of Philosophy in June 2005, as whose president I served from
its inception to July 2007. Our most important project was an
interdisciplinary lecture series on animal rights (2006). Renowned
scholars from several countries including
Tom Regan, Carl Cohen and Eugen Drewermann spoke at this comprehensive
lecture series that I initiated and, to my knowledge, was the first one
ever dedicated to the moral status of non-human animals in Germany. The
lecture series culminated in a book titled Tierrechte - Eine
interdisziplinäre Herausforderung that, I
hope, contributed to thoughtful public and academic debate in the
German-speaking world about how
we ought to treat
animals. Animal ethics has been a central
philosophical interest of
mine ever since. Questions about the moral status of non-human animals
like "Do they have
rights?" or "To
what extent
do moral agents have moral obligations towards them?"
continue to occasion passionate conflicts within me. However, given the
fact that (some) animals have rich subjective lives that matter to
them, it appears common-sensical to me that justice requires us to radically
rethink our behaviour towards those who we eat, wear, experiment on and
use for entertainment.The
average number of deaths from poverty each day is equivalent to one
hundred jumbo jets, each carrying five hundred people (mostly
children), crashing with no survivors (thanks to Roger Riddell for this
illustrative comparison). From
an ethical perspective, extreme poverty should be the top story in
every newspaper, every day. But it is not. This might be due to the
fact that, while widely perceived as sad and unfortunate, poverty is
rarely acknowledged to be a matter of global justice. It first struck
me as a problem of moral philosophy while reading Peter
Singer’s Famine,
Affluence, and Morality and Peter
Unger’s Living
High and Letting Die some years ago. I realized that
ethical issues
involving distant others like moral obligations towards starving
people, inequitable distribution of the world's resources, human rights
abuses by governments, war and environmental degradation are in serious
need of systematic philosophical analysis. Being directly related to
more fundamental riddles of philosophy, these issues drew my attention,
in particular, to questions about the nature of human rights and the
appropriate role of governments. So when Tibor Machan gave an
intensive course on libertarianism at Heidelberg University (2008), I
took the opportunity to learn more about the spectrum of
concepts of freedom in philosophy and its significance for political
philosophies.
On
a non-scholarly level I am concerned with
poverty and children’s rights as an executive director of the
American-German Society of Friends of the Children's Village Haluaghat
in Bangladesh. Located in South Asia, Bangladesh is one of the poorest
nations in the world with a GDP per capita of about 525 USD (2009).
Furthermore, the country suffers from corruption and over-population.
One of the most vulnerable and unprotected groups within this vast
population is the street children whose number, according to a
government estimate, is about 380,000, of which 55% live in the capital
Dhaka. It is expected that the number of children without minimum
shelter and care will cross the mark of 930,000 by the year 2014. Some
of the major immediate threats these children face are physical and
sexual abuse by the adults from within their close social environment,
harassment by the security officials, insufficient or no access to
education and lack of steady income. I am convinced that the key to a
better future for these children is proper education. Only if they have
an understanding of the world and learn to take care of themselves do
they have a chance to a secure and independent life. Facing these
circumstances, some friends and I took action and started to work with
our now partner organization Ekmattra
that is building
a village
for street children in Haluaghat, located
about 170 km north of Bangladesh's capital Dhaka. It will
provide former street children with shelter, medical assistance
and basic education.In philosophy, I'm further interested in the Gettier Problem and subsequently proposed alternatives to the traditional justified true belief account of knowledge such as Alvin I. Goldman’s Causal Theory of Knowing and Robert Nozick’s Truth-Tracking Theory and regularly catch myself pondering about the concepts of ethics and their nature: Is ethics objective? Are there moral facts? If so, how do we learn about them? Do (some) ethical statements express propositions? If so, are some of these propositions true? Are there genuine moral dilemmas? You are welcome to contact me if you share my interests in any manner. |